Category: Multilingual Education

The Writing Rope and Multilingual Writers

Writing Development in Simultaneous and Successive Bilingual Learners Writing is one of the most demanding skills children acquire because it requires thinking, language knowledge, motor skills, and cultural awareness to work together. For multilingual learners, this complexity increases further, as writing develops across languages with different structures, scripts, and conventions. Joan Sedita’s Writing Rope offers

Read More

Asynchronous Literacy in Multilinguals: Why “Out of Sync” Is Not “Behind”

When we speak about literacy development in multilingual families, we often picture clear, parallel progress across all languages: a child learns to read in one language, then transfers those skills into the next. However, real multilingual development unfolds in waves, sometimes accelerating in one language while temporarily pausing in another. The pattern of literacy development

Read More

Bridging Languages and Learning: A Short Guide to BICS, CALP, CUP & CALS for Multilinguals

Many multilingual children experience a paradox: some may chat fluently in a new language but struggle academically, whilst others may grasp complex academic concepts yet find casual conversations about everyday topics difficult.

This is where four essential concepts – BICS (Basic Interpersonal Communicative Skills), CALP (Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency), CUP (Common Underlying Proficiency), and CALS (Core Academic Language Skills) – help us understand multilingual development and learning success.

Read More